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Onychomycosis or nail fungus in the advanced stage.Sign, type, treatment method

According to medical statistics, onychomycosis or fungal damage is a relatively common nail disease, often turning into an advanced form.

Nail fungus - what is it?

Onychomycosis is a fungal damage to the nail plate caused by various types of microorganisms, especially Dermatophitic fungus.Such pathogens can live and double in a good environment for them. The disease is contagious, For this reason, for its treatment, both dermatologists and infectious diseases are addressed.

Often, infections occur in public baths, sauna, pools.The development of fungal lesions can also be provoked by injuries to the nail plate, secondary immunodeficiency conditions, and disorders in antibiotics.

   In the early stages of the development of the disease, the following symptoms occur:

  • Spots -spots and almost invisible strips on the nail plate (1 degree damage);
  • peel off the skin and crack on the fingers and in the interdigital zone;
  • The nail glitter is gone;
  • nail plate color changes;
  • The surface of the nail deformed.

Usually people do not pay attention to these signs. In the absence of treatment, the development of fungal lesions occurred to the advanced stage, when microorganisms are introduced into the nail plate and lead their important activities under it.At this stage It is difficult to get rid of the disease, because nails are a type of "protection" of fungus from the effects of local medicine.

Causes of advanced onychomycosis level

The main reason for the transition to the form of a neglected nail fungus is:

  • Ineffective drugs -usually the use of various antifungal varnishes and less active creams in the treatment of fungal nail damage;
  • Treatment soon;
  • Yourself.

Fungal damage to the nail plate is not very safe because sometimes. The active development of microorganisms can involve their entry in the bloodstream and internal organsWhat affects immunity work.There is an increased risk of infection with viral and infectious diseases.

Also The relapse of the disease may be.This occurs when the patient is not fully treated, does not follow the doctor's advice, with the development of microorganisms for medication and neglecting the patient.

What is the dangers of neglected nail fungus?

The development of nail fungus to a neglected form leads to the consequences such as:

  • reduction of immunity;
  • increase the risk of viral and infectious diseases;
  • penetration of fungus into the blood and internal organs;
  • types of dermatitis, eczema;
  • worsening chronic illness;
  • the risk of fungal transition to the skin;
  • The development of allergic reactions to toxins is the occurrence of asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis.

From the side Neurological disorders There is an emotional background violation: The appearance of depression, neurosis, frequent irritation.

While detecting nail fungus Important to carry out the right treatment This pathology, adherence to daily hygiene, as well as prevention for all family members, as the disease is very contagious.

Hygiene procedures for fungal lesions involve the use Nail baths with the addition of soda, vinegar, sea salt, potassium permanganate, herbal decoctions.It is also important to often change socks, wipe your feet and areas between the fingers after washing.

A type of fungus

The most common onychomycosis pathogen is Dermatophytic mushrooms - About 86% of all cases.More often illness can cause yeast mushrooms and mold.Nail plate wounds can be observed, the source is immediately 2 or 3 types of pathogens.

The most common onhomitosis is caused by various types of microorganisms:

  • dermatophytes;
  • mold;
  • Yeast mushrooms.

Penetration into nails occur most often through its side, damaged joints and nail plates.This microorganism is unable to face the body With reduced immunity. Dermatophytes cause changes in the nail structure with the formation of the cavity and the canal in it.

Nail damage can be caused and castBut quite rarely.While diagnosing the disease in this case It is possible for difficulty in determining pathogens, because characteristic symptoms are usually absent.In this case, it can only help Bacteriological analysis. Onychomycosis treatment, which is caused by mold mushrooms is different from the treatment of nail damage by other microorganisms.

In between yeast, onychomycosis most often causes mushrooms Candida.In the norm, they are on the skin and mucous membranes of everyone. Factors that are provoking For the development of damage to the nails, yeast fungus too The weakness of immunity.The destruction of nails as a result of the activity of the microorganisms originated from its base, next to the cuticle.

Signs -to fungus in advanced form

The following features are characterized by the form of an advanced disease:

  1. Change the nail plate with their thickening or thinning.The growth of the stratuminal layer prevents the effects of the drug fungus.
  2. Relax, destruction of nail plate.
  3. Change the color of the nail plate, which can be different: from gray-yellow to brown and black.This is due to nail stratification, because of fungus, dirt, dead skin scales.
  4. In the area between the fingers, the red skin with the signs of peeling, the presence of itching and pain.
  5. More than two nails are affected.
  6. The release of nails from the nail bed or its complete destruction.

Complication

The transition of nail fungus to a neglected form Hazardous The fact that this active development of microorganisms leads to a large number of toxic products they produce.

As a result, serious somatic disease may develop:

  • Toxicoderma;
  • toxic hepatopathy;
  • Layella Syndrome.

Also The disease is dangerous for themthat if there is no proper treatment or improper therapy with development, may cause Complete destruction of nail plate.

Wile With fungal infection as well Frequent complications: Red rash appears in the body, the patient feels burning and itchy, after a while, the area produces a transparent fluid form at the rash site.

Most unwanted complications The spread of fungal infection is In the internal organs, because with the development of the disease, the treatment will be severe and long.

Groups at risk

The following groups are distinguished by the most vulnerable to the development of fungal nail damage:

  1. The elder And the advanced age.

Factors that cause the person's fungus:

  • age -related skin changes;
  • increased sweat;
  • presence of equivalent disease;
  • taking drugs that weaken the body (antibiotics, corticosteroids);
  • hormone violations;
  • Gastrointestinal disorder.
  1. A man's face, Mainly soldiers, athletes (Because long term wearing special shoes, locker rooms, ordinary souls).
  2. People who have Family members suffer from fungal defeat legs.
  3. Residents of the city (With Reason to visit public places, such as pools, baths, sauna, gym, manicures and pedicure salons with insufficient disinfection).

A variety of drugs

Fungal treatment in advanced form should be comprehensive.After examining and conducting the necessary tests, the doctor prescribes the following types of drugs:

  • System action drugs - Fungal tablets taken inside;
  • Local preparation - ointment, varnish and cream used for affected areas;
  • meaning for general strengthening of the body and vitamins;
  • If there is a need - Removing a nail plate (in very severe cases).

Description and method of using a drug

A serious approach - Key to successful treatment in fungus in advanced form.Patients who regularly use medications prescribed by your doctor without passing their use are the best results. With non -compliance with medical recommendations Fungus can be purchased Resistance to drugs and you must choose a new drug, which will lead to additional difficulty.

General rules for drug use:

  • Varnish, gel and ointment are only used for purified and dry surface of the nail plate;
  • All drugs for external applications They are used regularly: Once or twice a day (accurate information can be read in the instructions for medicine);
  • before applying varnish or ointment on the nails, It is necessary to save it as much as possible from damaged tissue and areas near the nail plate;
  • The use of varnish - 2 times in 7 days;
  • Do not use pregnant women and children Local medicines prohibited by instructions, tablet medications for the patient are prohibited;
  • apply Local medicines on the nails should be frequent throughout the year or longer;
  • Take the tablet just as prescribed by the doctor;
  • The frequency of applications tablet - one or several times a day for 7 days, Then follow interrupting about 3 weeks (depending on the drug);
  • During treatment You can't drink alcohol;
  • Sometimes -Only parallel use is required DrugReduces dangerous Affect the liver.

Type of removal of nail plate

Removing the affected nail plate It is carried out if the drug treatment does not bring outcome.This procedure is required so that there is an opportunity to develop new healthy nails.

The standard method for removing the affected nail plate is Surgical intervention Use anesthesia to prevent pain.In this process, both nails and only the parts, subject to fungus, can be removed.

If desired Remove nails without unnecessary discomfort You can choose hardware pedicure.This method is carried out in the sterile state of the medical institution.It came in the nail layout of the affected With the help of various nozzles and device cutters.This procedure is true -butt done painless With the initial softener of the nail plate with a special solution.After removing the affected area, ointment and bandage are applied to the treated area, set with a patch.

The nail plate can also be removed Chemical methods - In the affected place focused Keratolic patch And is not released within 2-3 days.Currently, the layer of the nail plate is dissolved.

With a small area of fungal damage, perhaps The method of removal of the house.It will be needed first Sweep the nails And if necessary, use a special varnish to soften the surface.Then Using accessories for pedicures The affected part of the nails is removed. The method is not suitable for complete removal Nail plate.

Removes nails with laser

Laser removal - The most commonly used method in treatment Running a fungus nails.To The advantage of the procedure is the pain And the ability to eliminate the focus of the infection everywhere.

The advantages of this method are also:

  • The safety and accuracy of the method - Laser only removes the affected area without falling on a neighbor's cloth, and Disinfect the wound in the nail bed area to eliminate the risk of infection;
  • Lack of pain, Because the method refers to minimal invasive;
  • Short -term procedure - Remove one nail lasting for just minutes;
  • High efficiency;
  • The relatively low cost of procedure is accessibility.

Contraindications To do nail laser removal is the presence decompensated diabetes mellitus, malignant tumor, inflammation and viral infection In the body.You cannot perform the procedure and with Pregnancy.

The day before the laser removal, the feet should be steamed.After bathing with soda and home soap, it should be files and cut the nail surface as much as possible.

When performing the nail laser removal in the area affected by the fungus, the heat is felt.For complete healing of neglected forms, about 10 procedures are required.

Disadvantages of removal of nails

Often, after removing the nail plate, unwanted consequences occur:

  • Grow new nails In the nail bed - a kind of "side effects";
  • possible Infection of wounds after surgery (To avoid this, you should change the bandage in time and use a variety of ointments with antimicrobial effects);
  • possible A new nail plate deformation.

In the case of nails and wound infections, it is necessary to seek medical help.

Nail fungus during pregnancy

The main factor that causes onychomycosis during pregnancy:

  • lack of trace elements - potassium, magnesium, phosphorus and others;
  • weakening the strength of immunity;
  • increased sweating;
  • blood circulation is affected in the legs;
  • diabetes.

For the fetus, the danger lies in the possibility of a manifestation of the disease during birth, as well as its transition to a chronic form.

Features -Fungal Treatment Features During Pregnancy

Difficulty in treatment Onychomycosis during pregnancy It consists of prohibition on most modern medicine. This step is needed to prevent fetal harm, as these drugs are toxic.It is best to get rid of fungus after giving birth.

In the event of a fungal lesion, special symptom treatment is sometimes prescribed for the fetus.Often, it is made up of folk methods that are easy to run at home.

Own during pregnancy not allowed - Only experienced doctors should compose a therapy scheme.

Common treatment for fungal treatment during pregnancy:

  • Soften the affected area by using petroleum jelly on them before bed, the compress is left until morning;
  • In the morning they make a warm bath with the addition of soap and laundry soda;
  • jump from the affected part of the nails and keratinized skin;
  • Apply local medicine prescribed by your doctor.

The course of nail fungus treatment during pregnancy should not exceed 30 days.

Hydrogen peroxide against fungus

Hydrogen peroxide for onychomycosis is used in complex therapy to disinfect the affected area and destroy microbes, Materials cannot kill fungus.This fluid is good for treating damaged areas.

The advantage of peroxide is that it can be used by pregnant women.

This tool is used as follows:

  • Make a bath with hot water and the addition of copper sulfate to steam the damaged area from the nail plate;
  • Wipe dry skin;
  • Peroxide is widely moistened with cotton pads and applied to injured nails, and then set with bandages;
  • After 40 minutes, the compress is removed, the softened keratinized layer is scraped from the bright nails and local antifungal drugs prescribed by the doctor.

Such a procedure is performed 2 times a day: in the morning and before bedtime.

Hydrogen peroxide can be used in other ways.You need 2 liters of water and 100 ml of hydrogen peroxide.Mixed liquid and feet are soaked in a solution for half an hour.Then the feet are dried, the affected area is cut, therapeutic ointment is used.

Nail fungus on children

Onychomycosis in children often occurs due to weakness of immunity. Other factors that cause inadequate skin thickness, so the risk of infection with fungus in childhood increases.

In the treatment of nail fungus Children use local medicine: ointment, cream.They are used 1 or 2 times a day, the amount of use depends on the degree of damage.The specifications of these drugs are that they do not penetrate the blood, and They do not harm the body of children.

As a system remedy, doctors can prescribe medications in the form of capsules, tablets, syrups.It may also be the purpose of intramuscular or intravenous injection.Treatment can be an outpatient and stationary.

System preparation have a negative effect on the kidneys and children's liverTherefore, they are very rare when local medicines are ineffective.

Home

In the treatment of advanced forms, fungus can The following folk recipes are effective.Part of them:

  • Ointment: You need 200 g of butter, raw chicken eggs together with shell, 100 g of acetic acid (70%).The first two ingredients are mixed, the third is poured without mixing, covered with lid, placed in the refrigerator for 7 days.After the egg shell is dissolved, the product is carefully mixed. Keep the fridge.
  • Calamus root (15 g) is poured 250 ml of boiling water, infusion for half an hour under a solid lid. Drink 60 ml medicine 4 times a day. You can use a bath with calamus.In 250 ml of boiling water, fall asleep 30 g of raw material, let it be luxurious for half an hour.In the liquid produced for 15 minutes, hold the nail plate affected by the fungus. After 7 procedures, they will collapse. With parallel treatment, the ointment on fungus for 1.5 months is possible to get rid of the disease.
  • Take ashes of 3 cigarettes, mixing from 0.5 teaspoons.Toothpaste with fluorine. Make compression With this medicine for the night, the next day to wash.
  • Tincture propolis: Gold East Sweetening Plant (50 pcs.) Pour 500 ml of Vodka, I insist on 14 days.For treatment, take 3 parts of water and 1 part of the gold cushion tincture, mix and apply it to the affected nails 2 times a day.
  • 15 g of celandine, 30 g of lilac flowers, 45 g of minced bark mixed.The dry mixture is poured with 500 ml of water, boiled for an hour. Compressing with this infusion used for damaged nail plate, Set with a bandage.Treatment continues until complete recovery.

All methods of treatment should only be used after consulting with a specialist, after their approval.

Steps -Prevention Steps

To avoid germs with fungus, the following suggestions must be followed:

  • Be careful to observe the rules of personal hygiene;
  • Perform the eradication of daily shoe germs with the help of special UV dryers-to destroy the fungus in it;
  • Do not walk barefoot in public places (baths, sauna or pool), after visiting and water procedures, use ointment and antifungal creams;
  • Don't wear shoes and clothes in others.

A comprehensive approach to treatment, as well as compliance with the above regulations will contribute to the healing and prevention of nail fungus.